نشریه مطالعات اسلام و روان شناسی
پیاپی 9 (پاییز و زمستان 1390)

The present study aims at demonstrating the relationship between religiosity and mental health of teachers from city of Roudan using the descriptive - correlational method. A total of 274 teachers were selected, via a stratified cluster sampling method (by gender and education). They responded to the following questionnaires: Religiosity Khodayari Fard et al, NEO -Five Factor Inventory (NEO-FFI; Costa & McCrae, 1992) and Goldberg and Hillier's General Health Questionnaire (GHQ-28). Data analysis was performed in SPSS using the following statistical mean, percentage, frequency, standard deviation, Pearson correlation, simple stepwise regression, t-test and one-way analysis of variance. Results showed that, religiosity and personality dimensions are associated with teacher's mental health indicating that there is a positive relationship between low neuroticism, religiosity, extraversion, agreeableness, high conscientiousness, and teacher's high mental health. Variables such as gender, place of residence, marital status, education level and level of teacher's teaching were also effective in some of these relationships.

The aim of this study was to provide a psychological analysis of the "perfect man in the Quran" and consequently to answer this question: "How can Quranic content related to the perfect man be presented in a psychological structure?". The research was performed by theoretical and conceptual analysis of concepts related to the "perfect man" using the common methodology in the religious seminaries and Islamic sciences. The author of the present research study first investigated and analyzed verses of the Quran about superior human beings, and then he made a list of Quranic examples of perfect man. He finally presented these Quranic concepts in the form of basic concepts of psychology while keeping in mind not to alter nor misrepresent them. According to the achievements of this research study, characteristics of perfect man are presented in four groups: cognitive, behavioral, emotional and three-fold. They are extracted from the Quran and presented in the form of visual models.

The present study examines the relationship between "marital satisfaction" with "communication patterns of couple's was performed. A sample consisting of 121 couples (242 students) from University of Tarbiyat Moallem and Islamic Seminary in Isfahan were selected using a multilevel random cluster sampling process. The religious affiliation acts as the moderating variable in this study. The following questionnaires used as the measurement tools: the Communication Patterns Questionnaire (Christensen & Sullaway, 1984), Islamic Questionnaire of Marital Satisfaction (Jodayri), and Religious Affiliation Questionnaire (M. Janbozorgi). The results showed that there is a significant meaningful relationship between marital satisfaction and mutual constructive communication (p<0/01). Also There is a significant negative relationship between interaction patterns (Demand/ Withdraw), (Demand/ Withdraw female/ male), (Demand/ Withdraw male/ female), (Mutual Avoidance Communication) with marital satisfaction (p<0/01). Also in this study results showed that marital satisfaction was predictable with communication patterns. Religious affiliation can also predict marital satisfaction.

This study aimed to investigate the sources of motivation from Abraham Maslow and Allameh Tabatabaei's view and make a comparison between the two viewpoints to answer this question: What is the source of motivation for human moral behavior? It has been performed by the method of theoretical and rational analysis of religious and psychological texts. It, on the one hand, has an interdisciplinary approach (viz. ethics and psychology) and on the other hand it is a scientific-religious research study. According to some of the achievements of the present study, Allameh Tabatabaei has emphasized three theories: "Greek Ethics," "religious ethics" and "Quranic ethics"; respectively with the three motivational sources: "social admiration," "rewards of the next world" and "affection based on monotheism". Maslow has also emphasized the "ethics based on need and nature". Five similarities and four differences were discovered between Abraham Maslow's view and Allameh Tabatabaeis.

The present research has made a psychological validation of a self-made Islamic management scale and investigated moderating role of performance variable pertaining to the relationship between the aspects of job analysis and Islamic management. In order to provide an Islamic management questionnaire the first stage was to supply a 400 question bank according to the content of religious and Islamic texts (e.g. Quran and Nahj al-Balaghah) and after achieving face validity of the questionnaire by the specialist, the final version was provided to be administered. To measure the aspects of job analysis, the Professional and Managerial Position Questionnaire was applied. Moreover, to measure job performance, the questionnaire designed by Nouri, Oreyzi and Labaf (2008) was used. To make the instruments applicable, 143 managers and principles of National Petroleum Company in provinces of Tehran, Isfahan, Mazandaran, Chaharmahal va Bakhtiari and Yazd were selected. Data analysis was conducted through LISREL software. The achieved Cronbach alpha in subscales indicated appropriate reliability of Islamic management instrument. The results of explorational factor analysis have identified four scales and fourteen subscales in Islamic management instrument. The indices of conformational factor analysis, likewise, show the correct fitness of Islamic management pattern. The results of moderating analysis proved that the presence of performance as a moderator variable between the aspects of job analysis and Islamic management. Due to the fact that all the questions of Islamic management questionnaire were made according to valid religious texts, it is an appropriate instrument to measure the attributes of management which are accepted in Islamic field.

The present research study is mainly concerned with the spiritual intelligence of department heads of Isfahan University and its relation to demographic variables, utilizing the descriptive correlational method of research. Statistical population was all the department heads of Isfahan University in academic year 2008-2009. Data was collected using King's Spiritual Intelligence Self-Report Inventory (SISRI-24). The collected data were analyzed using Statistical Package for the Social Sciences (SPSS-15). Findings showed that there was no significant relation between spiritual intelligence and years of managements, but there was a significant relation in respect to age and service. By and large, findings of this research indicate the relatively high level of spiritual intelligence among the department heads of Isfahan University.

The purpose of this study was to examine the theory of positive emotions. The main questions were: 1) What is the function of positive emotions? 2) What are the patterns of positive emotions? The author of the present research study first tries to identify and extract the relevant concepts of Islamic texts. He then makes an analysis of their contents. Results showed that positive emotions lead to "develop - arousal - potency"; make human mind at ease, cause people to become more creative, eliminate their disabilities, make them ready and capable. Pattern of positive emotions from the viewpoint of Islam has three characteristics: 1) includes all material and spiritual dimensions of man; 2) must be balanced and each of the dimensions, your emotions are appropriate; 3) should not have negative consequences. Otherwise the result will be reversed.